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Барокко — один из самых многозначных терминов в истории и теории художественной культуры. Условность этого определения заключается прежде всего в том, что словом «барокко» обозначают самые разные явления: художественное направление (компендиум идей, философских концепций, эстетических норм и правил), противопоставляемое классицизму, исторический художественный стиль, ряд историко-региональных художественных стилей, течений и школ, индивидуальные стили и манеры работы отдельных мастеров. В разных странах эта эпоха имеет различную хронологию, периодизацию и терминологические определения. Понятие «стиль барокко» в наибольшей степени применимо к искусству XVII века, но «искусство этого времени включает и проявления классицизма, живущие бок о бок с барочными элементами». Этим же обобщающим термином называют «последние, критические стадии развития других стилей, тенденцию беспокойного, романтического мироощущения, мышления в экспрессивных, неуравновешенных формах». Поэтому слово «барокко» используют в качестве метафоры в смелых историко-культурных обобщениях: «эпоха барокко, мир барокко, человек барокко, жизнь барокко (итал. la vita barocca)». В каждом историческом периоде развития искусства исследователи культуры видят своё «барокко» — пик творческого подъёма, концентрации эмоций, напряжения форм."},"title":"Барокко","url":"https://kogda.com/ya/barokko","weight":128,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37853"}