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Graf) — королевское должностное лицо в Раннем Средневековье в Западной Европе; начиная с эпохи Высокого Средневековья почётный дворянский титул. В соответствии с иерархической системой дворянских титулов, ставшей классической в рамках западноевропейской исторической традиции, титул графа занимает ступень выше шевалье, барона и виконта, но ниже маркиза, герцога, великого герцога и принца. Во Франкском государстве и Священной Римской империи также существовали титулы пфальцграфа и маркграфа. В Священной Римской империи, кроме того, существовали некоторые другие титулы, производные от титула графа. Титул возник в IV веке в Римской империи и первоначально присваивался высшим сановникам (например, comes sacrarum largitionum «главный казначей»). Во Франкском государстве со второй половины VI века граф (гауграф) в своём округе-графстве/гау (нем. Gau — первоначально, сельская община у древних германцев, численностью ок. 100 человек) обладал судебной, административной и военной властью. 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